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Apache Resistance: A Long History of Fighting for Freedom
An overview of Apache resistance from Spanish colonial times to the reservation era, showing it as defense of homelands and families rather than a love of war.
History and Conflict
Resistance and Survival
Apache resistance to conquest and the wars it brought, told with care.
Apache Apache Apache Wars: A Study of the Tribe's Turbulent History
How historians have written about the Apache Wars over time, from army memoirs and frontier newspapers to modern scholarship and Apache-informed histories.
Apache Apache Wars: A Study of the Tribe's Turbulent History
A guide to primary sources on the Apache Wars, including army reports, government records and Apache testimony, and how to read each type critically.
Apache History and the American West: A Turbulent Relationship
Compares the frontier myth of Westerns and dime novels with the documented history of Apache peoples in the American West, and explains where the two diverge.
Apache Resistance: The Fight for Survival in a Changing World
How Apache families survived ration dependency, disease and confinement in the reservation era through kinship, adaptation and quiet forms of resistance.
Apache Resistance: The Fight for Tribal Sovereignty and Self-Governance
How Apache resistance moved into legal and political arenas in the twentieth century, from Indian Reorganization Act constitutions to court cases over land, water and taxation.
Apache Wars: A Turbulent Era in Native American History
The human cost of the Apache Wars for civilians on all sides, including the Camp Grant killings of 1871, told factually and without sensationalism.
The Apache Nation: A History of Conflict and Coexistence
Corrects the single-nation framing and shows how different Apache groups alternated between war, trade and coexistence with Pueblo, Spanish, Mexican and Plains neighbors.
The Apache Wars: A Turbulent Chapter in Native American History
A dated chronology of the key Apache Wars events from 1861 to 1886, from the Bascom affair and Camp Grant to Cibecue Creek and the Skeleton Canyon surrender.
Related topics
More in history and conflict
Apache History An overview of Apache history across regions and eras. Spain and Mexico Apache relations with Spanish and Mexican rule. Apache and the United States Army, treaties, missions and federal policy. The Apache Wars The wars, removal and loss of land, told with care. Impact of Colonization How colonization, disease and settlement changed Apache societies. History Overviews and Timelines Long views and timelines of Apache history. Apache Nations in American History Apache peoples’ place in the wider history of the West and the United States. Cultural Exchange Trade, contact and exchange between Apache peoples and others. Self-Determination in History How Apache nations pressed for justice, governance and redress across the 20th century. Apache Scouts Apache men who served as US Army scouts, and the hard questions their service raises. The Chiricahua Prisoner of War Years The 27-year imprisonment of Chiricahua people in Florida, Alabama and Oklahoma.