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The Apache Nation: A History of Diversity and Unity
There was never one Apache tribe. This overview introduces the distinct Apache nations, their languages and homelands, and the limited ways they cooperated.
Origins and Identity
Diversity and Unity
The many distinct Apache nations and the ties between them and their neighbours.
Apache Relations: The Complex History of Apache Relations with Other Tribes
Apache groups had varied relations with the Comanche, Tohono O'odham, Yavapai, Pueblo and Plains peoples, from alliance and marriage to long-running conflict.
Apache Tribes: A Comprehensive Guide to the Different Bands
A reference list of the federally recognized Apache tribes in Arizona, New Mexico and Oklahoma, with their locations and the groups they represent.
Apache Tribes: A Guide to the Different Bands and Clans
How Western Apache matrilineal clans worked, how they differed from the band and local-group structures of other Apache nations, and why the terms overlap.
Apache Tribes: Understanding the Differences Between the Western and Eastern Bands
Linguists divide the Apachean languages into Western and Eastern branches. Learn what that split means, which nations fall on each side, and where it stops.
The Apache Nation: A History of Diversity and Unity in the Face of Adversity
Apache bands did sometimes act together during the wars of the 1800s, but there was no unified Apache army. Here is when and how cooperation happened.
The Apache Nation: A History of Diversity and Unity in the Face of Adversity and Change
How federal reservation consolidation in the 1870s placed different Apache groups together at San Carlos and elsewhere, and the tensions and bonds that followed.
The Apache Nation: A History of Diversity and Unity in the Modern Era
Separately governed Apache nations cooperate on language, repatriation and gatherings today, while each keeps its own government and sovereignty.
Related topics
More in origins and identity
Apache Origins What scholarship and oral tradition say about Apache beginnings. Migration and Homelands How Apachean peoples came to the Southwest and Plains. Culture and Traditions Shared and distinct ways of life across Apache groups. Heritage Celebrations Powwows, night ceremonies and the many ways Apache communities describe and celebrate their heritage. Early History and Archaeology What evidence says about Apache life before written records. Migration Stories Southward migration, settlement and the myths that surround Apache beginnings. Apache Identity Belonging, self-names and media images of Apache people. Origins and Belonging How Apache peoples understand origin, identity and belonging, then and now. Southwest Migration The movement of Apachean ancestors into the Southwest and southern Plains. Western Apache Peoples The White Mountain, San Carlos, Cibecue and Tonto Apache and their homelands in what is now Arizona. Mescalero, Jicarilla, Lipan and Plains Apache The Apache peoples east of the Western Apache, from New Mexico to Texas and Oklahoma. Common Myths and Corrections Widespread mistakes about Apache peoples, and the documented facts.